τὸ ἔξωθεν

ἔξωθεν

from without: indeclform (adverb)

ἔξωθεν

from without: indeclform (adverb)

ἔξωθεν adv. of place (s. prec. entry; Aeschyl., Hdt.+).

① pert. to derivation from a source that is outside, from outside

ⓐ used as adv. (Hierocles 7 p. 430 ἡ ἔ. βία=force from the outside; Judg 12:9; Jdth 13:1; Ath., R. 53, 8 τῆς ἔ. ἀνάγκης) τὸ ἔ. εἰσπορευόμενον what goes into (a person) fr. the outside Mk 7:18.

ⓑ funct. as prep. w. gen. (Trag., X. et al.) from outside ἔ. τ. ἀνθρώπου εἰσπορευόμενον εἰς αὐτόν Mk 7:15.

② pert. to a position that is beyond a particular area, outside

ⓐ (Dio Chrys. 17 [34], 21; 67 [17], 1; PFlor 50, 99; Ex 26:35 al.; Jos., Bell. 5, 201, Vi. 118 ἔ. τῆς κώμης; TestZeb 3:6) ἔ. τῆς πόλεως (Aeneas Tact. 951; TestJob 24:1) Rv 14:20. ἡ αὐλὴ ἡ ἔ. τοῦ ναοῦ the court outside the temple 11:2a. οὐθὲν ἔ. ἐστιν τῆς ἀληθείας nothing is apart fr. the truth Hv 3, 4, 3.

ⓑ as contrast to ἔσωθεν (Aeneas Tact. 1331; Diocles 141 p. 178, 13; Gen 6:14; Ex 25:11 al.; PGM 5, 307; Just., A I, 16, 13 and D. 35, 3 [cp. Mt 7:15]; Tat. 22, 1; Ath. 25, 3) Mt 23:27f; 2 Cor 7:5; Rv 5:1 v.l. (Plut., Dio 972 [31, 2] μία [sc. ἐπιστολή] δʼ ἦν ἐπιγεγραμμένη); IRo 3:2; Agr 25b.

③ pert. to a position located on a surface, having to do w. the outside, the external, as substitute for an adj. (Demosth. 18, 9 οἱ ἔ. λόγοι; 4 Macc 6:34; 18:2; Jos., Ant. 14, 477) ὁ ἔ. κόσμος external adornment 1 Pt 3:3; ἡ ἔ. ἐπιφάνεια the outer surface of the eyes of Judas, which were obscured by his swollen features Papias (3:2).—As subst. w. art. τὸ ἔξωθεν the outside (SIG 813a, 6; Ezk 41:17) Mt 23:25; Lk 11:39f.

④ pert. to a position outside an area or limits as result of an action, outward, out ἔκβαλε ἔ. throw out= leave out (ἐκβάλλω 4) Rv 11:2b.

⑤ pert. to noninclusion in a group, on the outside, as subst. w. art. οἱ ἔ. those on the outside i.e. non-Christians 1 Ti 3:7; Mk 4:11 v.l. (cp. Hdt. 9, 5; Diod S 19, 70, 3; Himerius, Or. [Ecl.] 5, 18; Celsus 3, 14; Jos., Bell. 4, 179, Ant. 15, 316).—M-M.

ἔξωθεν, rarely [full] ἔξωθε Diog.Oen.18, Adv., ([etym.] ἔξω)

A from without or abroad,

ἔ. εἴσω A.Th. 560

, cf.Pl.Plt. 293d, etc.;

ἔ. εἰστρέχειν Men.Sam. 37

.

II = ἔξω, Hdt.1.70, Pl.Ti. 33c, etc.; οἱ ἔ. those outside, Hdt. 9.5, etc. (but heathen in 1 Ep.Ti.3.7);

οἱ ἔ. περιεστηκότες Aeschin.2.5

; τὰ ἔ. matters outside the house, opp. τἄνδον, A.Th. 201, cf. E.El. 74, etc.; αἱ ἔ. πόλεις foreign states, Pl.Plt. 307e;

οἱ ἔ. λόγοι

foreign to the subject,

D.18.9

;

ἀκαταξέστους ἐκ τοῦ ἔ. IG12.372.61

.

b c. gen.,

ἐντὸς ἢ ἔ. δόμων; E.Med. 1312

;

ἔ. ὅπλων συγκαθήμενοι X.An. 5.7.24

; free from,

ξυμφορᾶς S.El. 1449

;

δειμάτων E.HF 723

.

c c. gen., besides, apart from, Gal.6.409, 16.502.

III Gramm., ἔ. προσλαμβάνειν supply or understand a word, A.D.Synt.107.3; προσνεῖμαι ib.92.1; ὑπακούεσθαι ib.22.21.

2 initially, Id.Pron.58.5, al.; finally, ib.60.6,al.

⁺ D 10-8-22-1-8=49 Gn 6,14; 7,16; 20,18; Ex 25,11; 26,35

from without, abroad Jgs 12,9

[τινος]: outside (of) Ex 26,35; out of Jer 44(37),21

ἔσωθεν καὶ ἔξωθεν (from) within and without Gn 6,14

ἔξωθεν, ἔξωθεν

from without: indeclform (adverb)

ἔσωθεν adv. of place (Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; pap, LXX; TestSol; TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 20 [Stone p. 28]; JosAs 10:8).

① extension from a source that is inside, from inside (Hdt. 7, 36, 2; Aeneas Tact. 1636; Ath., R. 22 p. 75, 21) Lk 11:7. ἔ. ἐκπορεύεσθαι come fr. within Mk 7:23; fuller ἔ. ἐκ τῆς καρδίας vs. 21.

② pert. to the inner part of an object, inside, within (Hdt. et al.; Epict.; POxy 1449, 44; LXX; TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 20 [Stone p. 28]; EpArist 89; Jos., Ant. 14, 477; 15, 424; Tat. 22, 1) Mt 7:15; 23:25, 27f; IRo 7:2. αὐλὴν τὴν ἔ. Rv 11:2 v.l. Used w. ἔξωθεν (Epict. 4, 11, 18; Gen 6:14; Ex 25:11) 2 Cor 7:5. ἔ. καὶ ἔξωθεν inward and outward IRo 3:2; Rv 5:1 v.l. (for ἔσωθεν κ. ὄπισθεν, s. γράφω 2b). κυκλόθεν καὶ ἔ. all around and within 4:8.—τὸ ἔ. ὑμῶν (ὑμῖν P⁷⁵) your inner nature Lk 11:39. τὸ ἔξωθεν κ. τὸ ἔ. vs. 40. οἱ ἔσωθεν=οἱ ἔσω (s. ἔσω 2) 1 Cor 5:12 v.l.—M-M. TW. Sv.

ἔξωθεν, ἔξωθεν

from without: indeclform (adverb)

ἔξωθεν, ἔξωθεν

from without: indeclform (adverb)

πρόφᾰσ-ις, εως, ἡ, ([etym.] προφαίνω)

A motive or cause alleged, whether truly or falsely: then, actual motive or cause, whether alleged or not:

I alleged motive, plea, without implication of truth or falsity, ἐπὶ σμικρῇ π. Thgn.323;

νόστου π. γλυκεροῦ κώλυεν μεῖναι Pi. P.4.32

;

κατὰ θεωρίης πρόφασιν ἐκπλώσας Hdt.1.29

;

π. ἔχων, ὡς.. Id.6.133

; καὶ ἐπὶ μεγάλῃ καὶ ἐπὶ βραχείᾳ π. whether the plea put forward be a trifle or a weighty matter, Th.1.141; τῆς αἰτίας τὴν π. the plea in the case, the basis of the charge, Lys.9.7; τοιαύτας ἔχοντες π. καὶ αἰτίας pleas and motives, Th.3.13; π. ἐπιεικής ib.9;

ἀναγκαῖαι Is.4.20

, D.54.17; προφάσεις ἀληθεῖς λέγοντος pleading what was in fact true, And.4.17.

2 falsely alleged motive (or cause), pretext, pretence, excuse, π. ἰδίης ἀβουλίης an excuse for.., Democr.119;

οὔτε τιν' ἔχων π. οὔτε λόγον εὐτράπελον Ar.V. 468

(lyr.);

καλλίστην εἶναι π., τιμωρεῖσθαι μὲν δοκεῖν, ἔργῳ δὲ χρηματίζεσθαι Lys.12.6

: abs. in acc., πρόφασιν in pretence, ostensibly,

στενάχοντο γυναῖκες Πάτροκλον π., σφῶν δ' αὐτῶν κήδε' ἑκάστη Il.19.302

, cf. Hdt.5.33, E.IA 362 (troch.), Ar.Eq. 466, etc.; opp. τὸ ἀληθές, Th.6.33: in dat.,

προφάσει Id.3.86

; προφάσει τῶν δημοσίων on the pretence that public debts are owing, OGI669.15 (Egypt, i A.D.); προφάσιος [εἵνεκεν], προφάσεως ἕνεκα, Hdt.4.135, Antipho 6.14;

προφάσεως χάριν Arist.Pol. 1297a14

; ἐκ μικρᾶς π. Plb.2.17.3;

ἐπὶ προφάσιος Hdt.7.150

: folld. by an inf., αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι π. ἐκβαλεῖν ἐμέ for casting me out, S.Ph. 1034;

οὔτε.. ἔστιν οὐδεμία π. τοῦ μὴ δρᾶν Pl.Ti. 20c

; π. τοῖς δειλοῖς ἔχει μὴ ἰέναι gives them an excuse or plea for not going, Id.R. 469c;

οὐδεμία σοι π. ἐστιν ὡς.. X.Cyr.2.2.15

; εὑρὼν π. BGU 1024 vi 21 (iv A.D.).

b phrases, πρόφασιν διδόναι, ἐνδοῦναι, allow, afford an excuse, D.43.53, 18.158;

οὐκ ἐνδώσομεν π. οὐδενὶ κακῷ γενέσθαι Th.2.87

; π. μηδεμίαν θέμενος making no excuse, Thgn.364; π. προτεῖναι put forward a pretext, Hdt. 1.156;

π. τὴν Παυσανίεω ὕβριν προϊσχόμενοι Id.8.3

;

προφάσεις παρέχειν Ar.Av. 581

, cf. D.10.35, 18.156; προφάσιας εἷλκον kept making pretences, Hdt.6.86;

πάσας π. ἕλκουσιν Ar.Lys. 726

;

π. δέχεσθαι Pl.Cra. 421d

(cf.

ἀγών 111.5

);

π. εὑρίσκειν τοῦ ἀδικήματος Antipho 5.65

;

π. καλῶς εὑρημένη Archipp.36

;

ἔχθρας π. ζητήσουσιν Pl.Phdr. 234a

, cf. PCair.Zen.270.9 (iii B.C.);

π. τινὰ πρεσβείας πορισάμενοι Pl.Ep. 350a

;

π. κατασκευάσαι X.Cyr.2.4.17

; ἔχει προφάσεις it is excusable, ib.3.1.27;

πρόφασιν ταύτην τῆς διαφορᾶς ποιούμενος Pl.Ep. 349d

;

προφάσεις εὐλόγους εἰλήφεσαν D.18.152

;

ἐχόμενος προφάσιος Hdt.6.94

;

ἐπιλαβέσθαι Id.3.36

, 6.49;

τὰς π. ἀφελεῖν D.2.27

;

προφάσεως δεῖσθαι Arist. Rh. 1373a3

: personified, τὰν Ἐπιμαθέος ὀψινόου θυγατέρα Π. Pi.P.5.28.

c elliptically, μή μοι πρόφασιν no excuse, no shuffling, Ar. Ach. 345;

μὴ προφάσεις ἐνταῦθά μοι Alex.127.1

.

II the actual motive, purpose, or cause, whether alleged or not,

οὔτ' εὐνῆς πρόφασιν κεχρημένος οὔτε τευ ἄλλου Il.19.262

;

ἐπ' αὐτομολίας προφάσει ἀπέρχονται Th.7.13

; τὸ ἐκ προφάσεως τῶν.. στρατιωτῶν δηληγατευθὲν μέτρον ἐλαίου for the purpose of.., PLips.64.2, cf. 8 (iv A.D.);

τὴν ἀληθεστάτην π., ἀφανεστάτην δὲ λόγῳ Th.1.23

, cf. 6.6, D.18.156, SIG 888.138 (Scaptopara, iii A.D., pl.): esp. as a medical t.t., external exciting cause, ἐκ πάσης π. ἐκτιτ ρώσκουσι they miscarry on any provocation, Hp.Aph.3.12, cf.Epid.3.3, 3.17.ιά, Acut.(Sp.) 6;

τοὺς δ' ἄλλους ἀπ' οὐδεμιᾶς π... τῆς κεφαλῆς θέρμαι.. ἐλάμβανε Th.2.49

: pl., Hp. Aër.16, Fract.15, al.: generally, cause,

σμικρὰ π. ἔξωθεν Pl.R. 556e

; βραχεῖα π. Hp.Coac. 477;

ἀπὸ μηδεμιᾶς π. ἔξωθεν ἀξιολόγου Diocl.Fr. 82

; φανερὴ π. Hp.Aph.2.41, cf. X.HG6.4.33;

ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγένετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τὴν ἐγὼ.. ἀπηγήσομαι Hdt.2.161

, cf. 4.145, 7.230;

ἄνθρωπός εἰμι, τοῦτο δ' αὐτὸ τῷ βίῳ π. μεγίστην εἰς τὸ λυπεῖσθαι φέρει Diph.106

, cf. Men.230, 811, Philem.194; βραχείας προφάσεως ἔδει μόνον ἐφ' ᾗ.. δεξόμεθα.. it needed but a little to move us to.., E.IA 1180.

2 occasion, θοἰμάτιον δεικνὺς τοδὶ πρόφασιν ἔφασκον, ὦ γύναι, λίαν σπαθᾷς I said à propos,.. I took occasion to say.., Ar.Nu.55; ἐπὶ τῇ ἐμῇ π. à propos of me, Lys.6.19; ἐπὶ τῇ π. τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ἀρχῆς on the occasion of my accession, PFay.20.11 (iii/iv A.D.).

III persuasion, suggestion, dub.l.in S.Tr. 662 (lyr.).

IV preface, τὰς σημειώσεις ὑπὸ μίαν ἐκθησόμεθα π. Dsc.Ther.3.

ἐπείσ-ειμι, ( εἶμο

A ibo) come in besides,

τῷ οὐρανῷ Arist.Ph. 213b23

;

θύραθεν Id.GA 736b28

; come on (in battle) besides, v.l. in Hdt.7.210; come next upon the stage, Aeschin.3.153; go on into, X.Cyn.10.9; enter into,

σώματα Hierocl. in CA4p.425M.

2 come in after, Hp.Prorrh.2.1;

ἔξωθεν Pl.Ti. 81d

.

b impinge, of external stimuli, Democr.9, Pl.Ti. 50e, Epicur.Nat.84, 129 G.;

ἀπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν Id.Ep.1p.11U.

πλοκή, ῆς, ἡ (πλέκω; Eur., Pla. et al.; pap; Ex 28:14; TestSol 21, 3 Q; EpArist) the condition of being braided, braiding, braid ὁ ἔξωθεν ἐκ πλοκῆς (ἐκπλοκῆς?) τριχῶν κόσμος 1 Pt 3:3 v.l. (for ἔξωθεν ἐμπλοκῆς τ. κ.).—DELG s.v. πλέκω.

ἐκβάλλω fut. ἐκβαλῶ; 2 aor. ἐξέβαλον; plpf. ἐκβεβλήκειν Mk 16:9. Pass.: 1 fut. ἐκβληθήσομαι; aor. ἐξεβλήθην; pf. 3 sg. ἐκβέβληται (Just.), ptc. ἐκβεβλημένος (Hom.+) gener. ‘to throw out’, then

① force to leave, drive out, expel, τινά (SIG 1109, 95; PTebt 105, 31; Gen 3:24 al.; Jos., Bell. 1, 31, Ant. 1, 58) Mt 21:12 (Chariton 3, 2, 12 πάντας ἐ. fr. the temple of Aphrodite; Lysimachus: 621 Fgm. 1, 306 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 306] God demands that the Egyptian king ἐκβάλλειν ἐκ τῶν ἱερῶν those who are unclean; CRoth, Cleansing of the Temple and Zech 14:21: NovTest 4, ’60, 174–81; for lit. on Jesus’ action s. DSeeley, CBQ 55, ’93, 263 n. 1); Mk 1:12 is perh. to be understood in this sense, cp. Gen 3:24, but s. 2 below; Mk 5:40; 11:15; Lk 19:45; 20:12. Pass. Mt 9:25; Hs 1, 4; 9, 14, 2. τινὰ or τὶ ἔκ τινος (Dio Chrys. 49 [66], 3; SIG 317, 12; PLond III, 887, 6 p. 1 [III B.C.]; PMagd 12, 11=PEnteux 54, 11; Ex 6:1; Num 22:6 al.; Philo, Cher. 10) J 2:15; Hs 8, 7, 5. ἀπό τινος (Ex 23:31; Num 22:11; 2 Ch 11:16; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 163; Jos., Ant. 13, 352; Just., D. 92, 2 ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰερουσαλήμ) Ac 13:50. ἔξω τινός out of someth. (Lev 14:40; 1 Macc 13:47 v.l.): a city (Hyperid. 5:31) Lk 4:29; Ac 7:58; cp. Hs 1:6; ἐ. ἔξω (without amplification as 2 Ch 29:16) J 6:37; 9:34f (s. below); Ac 9:40. Pass. Lk 13:28; J 12:31 (βάλλω P⁶⁶ et al.). W. the destination given ἐ. εἴς τι drive someone out into someth. (Dt 29:27; 2 Ch 29:16; Jer 22:28; Mel., P. 48): into the darkness outside (cp. En 10:4) Mt 8:12; 22:13; 25:30.—From a vineyard Mt 21:39; Mk 12:8; Lk 20:15; in these three passages throw out, toss out is prob. meant.—Mid., throw someth. overboard to save oneself: Ac 27:38 grain (the act. in this sense Diod S 3, 40, 5; τὰ ὑπάρχοντα En 101:5; Jos., Bell. 1, 280).—Used esp. of the expulsion of spirits who have taken possession of a pers. (Jos., Ant. 6, 211; Just. A II, 10, 6 δαίμονας … ἐκβαλὼν τῆς πολιτείας; PGM 4, 1227 πρᾶξις γενναία ἐκβάλλουσα δαίμονας; 1252; 1254) Mt 8:31; 9:33f; 10:1, 8; 12:26; 17:19; Mk 1:34, 39, 43; 3:15, 23; 6:13; 7:26 (ἔκ τινος); 9:18, 28; 16:9 (παρά τινος); Lk 9:40; 11:14; 13:32. W. the means given (Lucian-Epigr. in Anth. Pal. 11, 427 δαίμονα ἐ. δυνάμει) τῷ σῷ ὀνόματι by your name Mt 7:22. λόγῳ with a word 8:16. For this ἔν τινι by someone or someth. by the ruler of the evil spirits 9:34; Mk 3:22; by Beelzebul Mt 12:24, 27; Lk 11:15, 18f; by the name of Jesus Mk 9:38; 16:17; Lk 9:49; by the finger of God Lk 11:20; cp. vs. 19; ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ Mt 12:28.—GSterling, Jesus as Exorcist: CBQ 55, ’93, 467–93.— Expel someone fr. a group, repudiate someone (Pherecyd. 83 Zeus expels insolent deities) a servant girl Gal 4:30 (Gen 21:10); a wife (Demosth. 59, 63; 83; Diod S 12, 18, 1; BGU 1050, 15; PGiss 2, 23; Lev 21:7; Pr 18:22a; Sir 7:26; Jos., Ant. 16, 215; 17, 78) Agr 18; ἐκ τ. ἐκκλησίας ἐ. 3J 10 (cp. POxy 104, 17; Jos., Bell. 2, 143). Vss. J 9:34f, referred to above, prob. belong here too, since the Johannine love of multiple meaning has combined the mngs. drive out of the audience-room and expel from the synagogue.—Idiom: λόγους ἐ. εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω cast words behind oneself=pay no attention to them 1 Cl 35:8 (Ps 49:17); ἐ. τὸ ὄνομα disdain, spurn the name Lk 6:22 (cp. Pla., Crito 46b and Rep. 2, 377c; Soph., Oed. Col. 636; 646); difft., Wlh. ad loc.; s. Black, An Aramaic Approach³, ’67, 135f, w. special ref. to Dt 22:14, 19.

② to cause to go or remove from a position (without force), send out/away, release, bring out (PRyl 80, 1 [I A.D.] ἐκβάλετε … ὑδροφύλακας; 1 Macc 12:27) workers Mt 9:38; Lk 10:2 (cp. PMich 618, 15f [II A.D.]); send away Js 2:25; release Ac 16:37; lead out (Μαρτύριον τῆς ἁγ. Αἰκατερίνας 18 p. 17 Viteau: ἐκέλευσεν ὁ βας. ἐκβληθῆναι αὐτὴν ἐκ τ. φυλακῆς; Theophanes, Chron. 388, 28) Mk 1:12 (but s. 1 above); bring out of sheep J 10:4 (cp. Hs 6, 2, 6; Longus 3, 33, 2 προσέβαλλε ταῖς μητράσι τοὺς ἄρνας; BGU 597, 4 ἵνα βάλῃ τὸν μόσχον πρὸ τ. προβάτων).

③ to cause someth. to be removed from someth., take out, remove (1 Macc 13:48; Diosc. 1, 50; s. Rydbeck 155–58; 184) a beam or splinter ἐκ τ. ὀφθαλμοῦ Mt 7:4f; Lk 6:42; Ox 1 verso, 2 (ASyn. 68, 44) (cp. GTh 26; Aesop. p. 28 Ursing ἐκβάλλεις ἄκανθα[ν] ἐκ ποδῶν μου); bring out τὶ someth. (Horapollo 2, 105; TestAbr A 6, p. 83, 23 [Stone p. 14] ἐκ τοῦ κόλπου ‘[pearls] out of the purse’) ἐκ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ ἐ. τὰ ἀγαθά out of the good treasure (=the tr. of the good) that which is good Mt 12:35; 13:52; take out a sum of money Lk 10:35. Of an eye, tear out and throw away Mk 9:47 (Syntipas p. 101, 2; cp. La 3:16 ἐ. ὀδόντας). Of material in the body (Ps.-Plut., Hom. 205; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 485; cp. Ps.-Aristot., Mirabilia 6 οἱ κυνηγοὶ εἰς ἀγγεῖον αὐτὴν [=τὴν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κόπρον] ἐμβάλοντες=the hunters let their excrement fall into a pot.—ἐκβ. τι=let someth. fall Diog. L. 6, 35) evacuate Mt 15:17.

④ to pay no attention to, disregard τὴν αὐλὴν τὴν ἔξωθεν τοῦ ναοῦ ἔκβαλε ἔξωθεν leave out (of consideration) the outer court of the temple Rv 11:2 (Epicurus in Diog. L. 10, 147 ἐ. τι=disregard someth.; M. Ant. 12, 25 βάλε ἔξω τὴν ὑπόληψιν=do not concern yourself about … ; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 372 VI, 22f [II A.D.] τὸ ἀναγνωσθὲν δάνειον ἐκβάλλω=I pass over, omit. On the belief of Jerusalem’s inhabitants that the temple could be saved, while the beleagured city was ruined, s. Jos., Bell. 5, 459).

⑤ to bring someth. about, cause to happen, bring ἐ. εἰς νῖκος τὴν κρίσιν lead justice on to victory Mt 12:20 (s. κρίσις 3).—B. 713. M-M. TW.

βίαιος [ῐ], α, ον, also ος, ον Pl.R. 399a, Philostr.VA1.33: ([etym.] βία):—

A forcible, violent: Adj. once in Hom.,

ἔρδειν ἔργα βίαια Od.2.236

, Adv. twice, by force, perforce,

κατέδουσι βιαίως οἶκον Ὀδυσσῆος 2.237

;

γυναιξὶ παρευνάζεσθε βιαίως 22.37

; freq. in all writers,

ἔργα β. Thgn. 1343

;

νόμος ἄγει δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον Pi.Fr. 169

; of persons,

βιαιότατος τῶν πολιτῶν Th.3.36

;

χρόνος καταψήχει καὶ τὰ βιαιότατα Simon. 176

; β. θάνατος a violent death, Hdt.7.170, Pl.R. 566b, etc.;

β. νόσος S.Ant. 1140

(lyr.);

β. ἄνεμος Arist.Mete. 370b9

;

ἐπάρδευσις Epicur.Ep. 2p.44U.

([comp] Comp.); ὁ πόλεμος β. διδάσκαλος teaches by violence, Th. 3.82; δίκη βιαίων an action for forcible rescue, Harp.; τοῖς β. or τῶν βιαίων ἔνοχος, Lys.23.12, Pl.Lg. 914e; βιαίων [ἐγκαλεῖ] D.37.33; τὰ [περὶ] τῶν βιαίων ibid.; συναλλάγματα β., λαθραῖα, obligationes ex delicto, Arist.EN 1131a8;

κλοπαῖα καὶ β. Pl.Lg. 934c

. Adv.

βιαίως, ἀποθανεῖν Antipho 1.26

; β. σέλμα σεμνὸν ἡμένων in their irresistible might, A.Ag. 182 (lyr.); χαλεπῶς καὶ β. by struggling and forcing their way, Th.3.23; firmly,

σχεδίας β. ζεύξαντες Plb.3.46.1

: neut. pl. as Adv., A.Supp. 821 (lyr.);

πρὸς τὸ β. Id.Ag. 130

;

ἐκ τοῦ βιαιοτάτου D.H.10.36

.

2 esp. of magic,

β. τέχνη Philostr.VA1.33

. Adv. βιαίως, σοφός a wizard, ib.1.2.

II [voice] Pass., forced, constrained, opp.

ἑκούσιος, πράξεις Pl.R. 603c

; β. κίνησις, = παρὰ φύσιν κ., Arist.Ph. 254a9, cf. Pl.Ti. 64d; τὸ β., = οὗ ἔξωθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ μηδὲν συμβαλλομένου τοῦ βιασθέντος Arist.EN 1110b15; ἡ β. τροφή, of the diet of athletes, Id. Pol. 1338b41; πόνοι μὴ β. ib. 1335b9; ὁ χρημ.ατιστὴς (sc. βίος) β. τίς ἐστιν, Id.EN 1096a6;

βιαιότερος λόγος Jul. Or.6.191d

. Adv. -ως, = παρὰ φύσιν, κινεῖσθαι Arist.Ph. 253b34: [comp] Comp.

- οτέρως Gal.17(1).19

.

2 = βιαιοθάνατος, PMag.Par.1.332.

δῠσ-άλωτος [ᾰ], ον,

A hard to catch or take,

ἄγρα Pl.Ly. 206a

([comp] Comp.); of birds and fish, Arist.HA 615a17, 599b25;

ἐρύματα Ph.2.133

.

2 hard to conquer,

ἀρχά A.Pr. 167

(lyr.);

πάθος Luc.Abd.18

([comp] Sup.); immune,

τοῖς ἔξωθεν αἰτίοις δ. σῶμα Gal.4.742

;

πρὸς νόσους Sor.1.32

([comp] Comp.): c. gen., δ. κακῶν beyond reach of ills, S. OC 1723(lyr.).

3 hard to comprehend, Pl.Ti. 51a ([comp] Sup.).

εἰσᾰκούω,

A hearken or give ear to one, ὡς ἔφατ'·

οὐδ' ἐσάκουσε.. Ὀδυσσεύς Il.8.97

, cf. Hdt.4.133, al.: c. acc.,

φωνὴν ἐσάκουσαν h.Cer. 284

, cf. E.Hec. 559, etc.: c. gen. pers., S.Aj. 789 ;

τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων E.IA 1368

: c. dat. pers., Hdt.1.214, etc. ;

τινί τι Id.9.60

; give way, yield to a request, Th.1.126,3.4; of God, τινός or

τῆς προσευχῆς LXX Ps. 4.2

, etc.:—so in [voice] Pass., of the prayer, Ev.Luc.1.13 ; of the person, Ev.Matt.6.7.

2 in Poets, simply, hear,

τούτου λέγοντος εἰσήκουσ' ἐγώ, ὡς.. S.Tr. 351

; τίνος βροτῶν λόγον τόνδ' εἰ.; Id.El. 884, cf. Aj. 318, Axiop.1.12 ;

ζῶντ' εἰσακούσας παῖδα E.El. 416

.

3 perceive, feel effect of,

τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου ἐσακούσαντος τοῦ τρώματος Hp.Prorrh.2.14

.

II [voice] Pass. in strict sense,

ἔξωθεν εἰς τὰς οἰκίας εἰσακούεται μᾶλλον ἢ ἔσωθεν ἔξω Arist.Pr. 903b13

(v.l. εἴσω ἀκ.).

εἰσχέω,

A pour in or into, Hdt.4.2, E.Cyc. 389 (s.v.l.):—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.

εἰσεχεάμην Aristid. Or.39

(18).4 :—[voice] Pass. with [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. ἐσεχύμην [pron. full] [ῠ], stream in,

ἐσσυμένως ἐσέχυντο ἐς πόλιν Il.21.610

, cf. Hdt.9.70 ;

ψυχὴν ἔξωθεν οἷον εἰσχυθεῖσαν Plot.5.1.2

.

εἴλω (also [full] εἰλέω, [full] εἱλέω, [full] εἴλλω, [full] εἵλλω, [full] ἴλλω; εἱλῶνται is f.l. in Aret.SD1.2), a word whose meanings are traceable to various roots of similar form, v. infr. D.—From εἴλω ([tense] pres. in Hom. only [voice] Pass. part. εἰλόμενος (v. infr.)), we have [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor.

A

ἔλσα Il.11.413

, inf.

ἐέλσαι 21.295

, [dialect] Dor. part.

ἔλσαις Pi.O.10(11).43

:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.

ἠλσάμην Semon.17

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 2 ἐάλην [pron. full] [ᾰ] Il.13.408; inf. ἀλῆναι, ἀλήμεναι, 16.714, 18.76; part. ἀλείς, εῖσα, έν 22.308: [tense] pf. ἔελμαι, part. -

μένος 13.524

:—for ἐόλει, ἐόλητο, v. ἐόλει.—From

εἰλέω Il.2.294

: [tense] impf.

εἴλεον Od.22.460

; [var] contr.

εἴλει Il.8.215

, Od.12.210;

ἐείλεον Il.18.447

: [tense] fut.

εἰλήσω LXX Jb.40.21(26)

, AP12.208 (Strat.): [tense] aor.

εἴλησα LXX 4 Ki.2.8

, Dsc.5.87 (ἐν-):—[voice] Med., [tense] impf.

εἰλεῦντο Il.21.8

; part.

εἰλεύμενος Hdt.2.76

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.

εἰλήθην Hp.Morb.4.52

: [tense] pf.

εἴλημαι LXX 1 Ki.21.9(10)

and Is.11.5 (s. v. l.), Lyc. 1202: [tense] plpf.

εἴληντο J.AJ 12.1.9

.

A shut in (less freq. shut out, εἰλέσθων τοῦ ἱαροῦ let them be shut out from the temple, IG22.1126.48 (iv B.C.)); [Ὀδυσῆα] ἔλσαν ἐν μέσσοισι μετὰ σφίσι, πῆμα δὲ ἔλσαν (Zenod., v.l. πῆμα τιθέντες) Il.11.413;

ὅτε Κύκλωψ εἴλει ἐνὶ σπῆϊ Od.12.210

, cf. 22.460;

ἔνθα δυώδεκα μὲν μένον ἤματα δῖοι Ἀχαιοί· εἴλει γὰρ Βορέης ἄνεμος μέγας οὐδ' ἐπὶ γαίῃ εἴα ἵστασθαι Od.19.200

;

ὅν περ ἄελλαι χειμέριαι εἰλέωσιν Il.2.294

;

εἱλεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ τόπῳ, μὴ δυνάμενον ἐκπλεῦσαι Arist.Mir. 840a33

, cf. EM298.29; εἰς ἄστυ ἄλεν (for ἄλησαν) Il.22.12;

κατὰ ἄστυ ἐέλμεθα 24.662

;

ἐελμένοι ἔνδοθι πύργων 18.287

;

νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐελμένοι 12.38

; χειμέριον ἀλὲν ὕδωρ ponded water, prevented from flowing away, Il.23.420; ὅσοι πικροὶ.. χυμοὶ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα πλανηθέντες ἔξω μὲν μὴ λάβωσιν ἀναπνοήν, ἐντὸς δὲ εἱλλόμενοι (v.l. εἰλόμενοι) τὴν ἀφ' αὑτῶν ἀτμίδα τῇ τῆς ψυχῆς φορᾷ συμμείξαντες ἀνακερασθῶσι, Pl.Ti. 86e.

2 hinder, hold in check, prevent,

ἧστο Διὸς βουλῇσιν ἐελμένος Il.13.524

, cf. A.Fr.25: ἔλλοψ (as though ἴλλοψ ) is derived from ἴλλεσθαι = εἴργεσθαι and ὄψ = φωνή by Ath.7.308c.

3 enclose, cover, protect,

ὑπ' ἀσπίδος ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἔλσας Callin.1.11

; τῇ ὕπο (sc. τῇ ἀσπίδι) πᾶς ἐάλη he was entirely covered, Il.13.408.

B press, as olives and grapes, Paus.Gr.Fr.155; ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος.. εἰλόμενοι huddling around him, Il.5.782; ἵππων φειδόμενος, μή μοι δευοίατο φορβῆς ἀνδρῶν, εἰλομένων, εἰωθότες ἔδμεναι ἄδην here where men throng, ib. 203;

πλῆθεν.. ἵππων τε καὶ ἀνδρῶν εἰλομένων· εἴλει δὲ.. Ἕκτωρ 8.215

, cf. 1.409, 18.447, 21.295; πόλις δ' ἔμπλητο ἀλέντων ib. 607; ἐς ποταμὸν εἰλεῦντο they were forced into the river, ib.8; εἱλουμένης τῆς τροφῆς the nourishment being concentrated, Thphr.CP6.11.8;

θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῦντα Od.11.573

; [λέων] ἰλλόμενός περ ὁμίλῳ hard- pressed, A.R.2.27;

ἀπωθούμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ περιεστῶτος ἔξωθεν πνεύματος πάλιν ἐντὸς ὑπὸ τὸ δέρμα εἱλλόμενον κατερριζοῦτο Pl.Ti. 76b

:—[voice] Pass., of crowds, swarm, jostle one another,

ἐν ὀλίγῳ εἰλουμένους Plu.Crass.25

; of ants, Luc.Icar.19.

2 in [tense] aor. [voice] Pass., of a man or animal, contract his body, draw himself together,

Αἰνείας δ' ἐάλη καὶ ἀπὸ ἕθεν ἀσπίδ' ἀνέσχεν Il.20.278

; ἐνὶ δίφρῳ ἧστο ἀλείς ( huddled up),

ἐκ γὰρ πλήγη φρένας 16.403

; of a lion when struck,

ἐάλη τε χανών 20.168

; of a warrior,

Ἀχιλῆα ἀλεὶς μένεν 21.571

;

οἴμησεν δὲ ἀλεὶς ὥς τ' αἰετὸς ὑψιπετήεις 22.308

, Od. 24.538.

II without the idea of pressure, collect,

ἐν Πίσᾳ ἔλσαις στρατὸν λείαν τε πᾶσαν Pi.O.10(11).43

:—[voice] Pass., Ἀργείους ἐκέλευσα ἀλήμεναι ἐνθάδε πάντας to assemble, Il.5.823.

C (found only in the forms εἰλέω ([etym.] εἱλ-) , ἴλλω) wind, turn round,

σκολιήν τε καὶ οὐ μίαν ἀτραπὸν ἴλλων Nic.Th. 478

; ἀπὸ δὲ τῶ[ν πετρῶν] ἴλλει ἡ στεφάνη ἐπὶ τὸν λόφον GDIiv p.847 (iv B.C.);

νῆα δ' ἔπειτα πέριξ εἴλει ῥόος A.R.2.571

; roll, γλῶσσαν dub.in Call.Iamb.1.144:— [voice] Pass., revolve, move to and fro,

ἰλλομένων ἀρότρων S.Ant. 340

(lyr.);

οἱ ἀστέρες ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ εἰλέονται Luc.Astr.29

; περὶ τὴν γῆν ἀεὶ εἱλεῖν ἰών, as etym. of ἥλιος ([etym.] ἀέλιος), Pl.Cra. 409a; εἰλέονται ἐπὶ τὸ ὑγιὲς σκέλος they pivot or swing round on the sound leg, Hp.Art.52, cf. Mochl.20; of a flame,

περὶ δ' αὐτὸν εἰλεῖτο φλόξ Mosch.4.104

; κατ' αὐτὸν (sc. τὸν κισσὸν) ἕλιξ εἰλεῖται is twined round, Theoc.1.31;

δαίμων ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ παντὸς εἱλουμένη Herm.

ap. Stob.1.3.52; also of hair on the crown, to be whorled, Ruf.Onom.13.

II roll up tight, [

κῶας] εἴλει ἀφασσόμενος A.R.4.181

;

τὴν μηλωτὴν εἱλήσας LXX 4 Ki. 2.8

:—[voice] Pass., ἰλλομένοις ἐπὶ λαίφεσι furled, A.R.1.329.

2 bind fast,

δεσμοῖς ἰλλόμενος A.R.1.129

, cf. 2.1249 ([voice] Pass.), cf. S.Fr. 158.

III metaph. in [voice] Pass., ἐν ποσὶ εἱλεῖσθαι to be familiar, Hdt. 2.76;

οἱ περὶ τὰς δίκας εἱλούμενοι Max.Tyr.28.3

, cf. Alciphr.3.60,64.

D It seems impossible to derive all the above uses from an orig. sense squeeze, though most of those under A and B, as well as C. II, might be so explained; but A seems to imply a root meaning bar, cf. ἀποϝηλέω, ἐγϝηληθίωντι, ϝήλημα (βήλημα), εἶλαρ, and C is to be compared with εἰλύω, Lat. volvo: some passages are doubtful in meaning, μή νυν περὶ σαυτὸν εἶλλε τὴν γνώμην ἀεί do not roll or wrap your thought round you, or do not confine your thought within you, Ar.Nu. 761; γῆν.. ἰλλομένην (v.l. εἱλλ-, εἰλλ-)

τὴν περὶ τὸν διὰ παντὸς πόλον τεταμένον Pl.Ti. 40b

was taken to mean revolving by Arist.Cael. 293b31 (cf.

περὶ τὸ μέσον εἱλεῖσθαι Mete. 356a5

) but expld. (omitting τήν ) as packed tightly about.. by Procl.in Ti.3.136 D.; ἐν δὲ τῇ ταραχῇ (in the churning) εὐρυχωρίης γινομένης, εἰλέεται (sc. τὸ ὑγρόν) ἀποκεκριμένον καὶ θερμαίνει τὸ σῶμα perh. is squeezed out, Hp. Morb.4.51; πρὶν δὲ ταραχθῆναι οὐκ ἔχει ἐκχωρέειν τὸ πλεῖον τοῦ ὑγροῦ, ἀλλ' ἄνω καὶ κάτω εἰλέεται μεμιγμένον τῷ ἄλλῳ ὑγρῷ is driven up and down, ibid.:— νῆα κεραυνῷ Ζεὺς ἔλσας (

ἐλάσας Zenod.

) ἐκέασσε prob. striking the ship.., Od.5.132, cf. 7.250 (only here in this sense).

εὐδιά-θετος, ον,

A well-arranged. Adv. - τως J.BJ3.5.2.

2 easily affected,

ὑπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν A.D.Synt.291.15

.

II well-disposed, of persons. Adv. - τως, = εὐγνωμόνως, Hsch.

III easy to dispose of (in marriage), Id.s.v. οὐκ εὐ.; also of arguments or objections, Them. in APo.62.33.